Legislature(1997 - 1998)

02/27/1997 03:00 PM House HES

Audio Topic
* first hearing in first committee of referral
+ teleconferenced
= bill was previously heard/scheduled
txt
               HOUSE HEALTH, EDUCATION AND SOCIAL                              
                  SERVICES STANDING COMMITTEE                                  
                       February 27, 1997                                       
                           3:00 p.m.                                           
                                                                               
                                                                               
 MEMBERS PRESENT                                                               
                                                                               
 Representative Con Bunde, Chairman                                            
 Representative Joe Green, Vice Chairman                                       
 Representative Brian Porter                                                   
 Representative Fred Dyson                                                     
 Representative J. Allen Kemplen                                               
 Representative Tom Brice                                                      
                                                                               
 MEMBERS ABSENT                                                                
                                                                               
 Representative Al Vezey                                                       
                                                                               
 COMMITTEE CALENDAR                                                            
                                                                               
 *HOUSE BILL NO. 146                                                           
 "An Act relating to competency testing requirements for secondary             
 students; and providing for an effective date."                               
                                                                               
      - HEARD AND HELD                                                         
                                                                               
 HOUSE BILL NO. 145                                                            
 "An Act relating to certification of teachers."                               
                                                                               
      - MOVED CSHB 145(HES) OUT OF COMMITTEE                                   
                                                                               
 HOUSE BILL NO. 121                                                            
 "An Act relating to A.W. Brindle memorial scholarship loans; and              
 providing for an effective date."                                             
                                                                               
      - MOVED HB 121 OUT OF COMMITTEE                                          
                                                                               
 (*First public hearing)                                                       
                                                                               
 PREVIOUS ACTION                                                               
                                                                               
 BILL:  HB 146                                                               
 SHORT TITLE: PUPIL COMPETENCY TESTING                                         
 SPONSOR(S): HEALTH, EDUCATION & SOCIAL SERVICES                               
                                                                               
 JRN-DATE     JRN-DATE             ACTION                                      
 02/18/97       381    (H)   READ THE FIRST TIME - REFERRAL(S)                 
 02/18/97       381    (H)   HES                                               
 02/27/97              (H)   HES AT  3:00 PM CAPITOL 106                       
                                                                               
 BILL:  HB 145                                                               
 SHORT TITLE: TEACHING COMPETENCY EXAM FOR CERTIF                              
 SPONSOR(S): HEALTH, EDUCATION & SOCIAL SERVICES                               
                                                                               
 JRN-DATE     JRN-DATE             ACTION                                      
 02/18/97       381    (H)   READ THE FIRST TIME - REFERRAL(S)                 
 02/18/97       381    (H)   HES                                               
 02/25/97              (H)   HES AT  3:00 PM CAPITOL 106                       
 02/25/97              (H)   MINUTE(HES)                                       
 02/27/97              (H)   HES AT  3:00 PM CAPITOL 106                       
                                                                               
 BILL:  HB 121                                                               
 SHORT TITLE: WINN BRINDLE SCHOLARSHIP LOAN                                    
 SPONSOR(S): REPRESENTATIVE(S) WILLIAMS                                        
                                                                               
 JRN-DATE     JRN-DATE             ACTION                                      
 02/10/97       292    (H)   READ THE FIRST TIME - REFERRAL(S)                 
 02/10/97       292    (H)   HES                                               
 02/20/97              (H)   HES AT  3:00 PM CAPITOL 106                       
 02/20/97              (H)   MINUTE(HES)                                       
 02/25/97              (H)   HES AT  3:00 PM CAPITOL 106                       
 02/25/97              (H)   MINUTE(HES)                                       
 02/27/97              (H)   HES AT  3:00 PM CAPITOL 106                       
                                                                               
 WITNESS REGISTER                                                              
                                                                               
 SHIRLEY J. HOLLOWAY, Ph.D., Commissioner                                      
 Department of Education                                                       
 801 West Tenth Street, Suite 200                                              
 Juneau, Alaska  99801-1894                                                    
 Telephone:  (907) 465-2802                                                    
 POSITION STATEMENT:  Testified on HB 146                                      
                                                                               
 JAMES RATUZZI, Student                                                        
 Kincaid Elementary School                                                     
 4900 Raspberry Road                                                           
 Anchorage, Alaska  99502                                                      
 Telephone:  (907) 245-5530                                                    
 POSITION STATEMENT:  Testified on HB 146                                      
                                                                               
 LIZ FERGUSSON, Student                                                        
 Kincaid Elementary School                                                     
 4900 Raspberry Road                                                           
 Anchorage, Alaska  99502                                                      
 Telephone:  (907) 245-5530                                                    
 POSITION STATEMENT:  Testified on HB 146                                      
                                                                               
 CHRIS BLOUNT, Student                                                         
 2050 Bogard Avenue                                                            
 Wasilla, Alaska  99654                                                        
 Telephone:  (907) 376-2745                                                    
 POSITION STATEMENT:  Testified on HB 146                                      
 JOHN CYR, President                                                           
 National Education Association-Alaska (NEA-Alaska)                            
 114 Second Street                                                             
 Juneau, Alaska  99801                                                         
 Telephone:  (907) 586-3090                                                    
 POSITION STATEMENT:  Testified on HB 146                                      
                                                                               
 STEPHEN McPHETRES, Executive Director                                         
 Alaska Council of School Administrators                                       
 326 Fourth Street, Number 404                                                 
 Juneau, Alaska  99801                                                         
 Telephone:  (907) 586-9702                                                    
 POSITION STATEMENT:  Testified on HB 145                                      
                                                                               
 ACTION NARRATIVE                                                              
                                                                               
 TAPE 97-14, SIDE A                                                            
 Number 0000                                                                   
                                                                               
 CHAIRMAN CON BUNDE called the House Health, Education and Social              
 Services Standing Committee meeting to order at 3:00 p.m.  Members            
 present at the call to order were Representatives Bunde, Porter,              
 Dyson, and Brice.  Representative Green arrived at 3:01 p.m. and              
 Representative Kemplen arrived at 3:08 p.m.  Representative Vezey             
 was absent.  This meeting was teleconferenced to Anchorage, MatSu             
 and an offnet site.                                                           
 HB 146 - PUPIL COMPETENCY TESTING                                           
                                                                               
 Number 0072                                                                   
                                                                               
 CHAIRMAN BUNDE said the first item on the agenda was HB 146, "An              
 Act relating to competency testing requirements for secondary                 
 students; and providing for an effective date."  He said this bill            
 basically says that students, who receive a high school diploma,              
 should be able to pass a competency exam showing that they are                
 proficient in the basics.                                                     
                                                                               
 Number 0115                                                                   
                                                                               
 CHAIRMAN BUNDE read from the sponsor statement, many of our high              
 school graduates are finishing school and receiving high school               
 diplomas without the skills necessary to survive in the world.                
 This obviously must not continue.  Twenty-one states now conduct              
 student competency tests for a standard high school diploma.  The             
 students in those states must pass a test with a minimum score                
 before they are allowed to graduate.  Three states also have an               
 exit exam for an "Endorsed Diploma", which is basically an honors             
 diploma.  Students not only have to pass the test, but must score             
 at a designated level, higher than the minimum required for a                 
 regular diploma.  Three other states go even further and have a               
 rigorous test for an "Honors Diploma".                                        
 Number 0167                                                                   
                                                                               
 CHAIRMAN BUNDE said, under the provisions of HB 146, a student is             
 required to pass a competency examination in the areas of reading,            
 English, mathematics, science and social science before receiving             
 a high school diploma.  The test would be selected by the                     
 Department of Education (DOE).  A pupil who failed this examination           
 and was no longer in attendance would be given a certificate of               
 attendance.  It would indicate the number of years of attendance,             
 but would also show that the student has neither passed the                   
 competency examination nor received a diploma. The pupil would have           
 the opportunity to take a re-examination, but it would have to take           
 place within three years after the pupil left high school.                    
                                                                               
 Number 0227                                                                   
                                                                               
 CHAIRMAN BUNDE  said it is time for Alaska to take its place among            
 those states working to ensure that their high school graduates               
 have the knowledge needed to succeed in the world.                            
                                                                               
 Number 0327                                                                   
                                                                               
 SHIRLEY J. HOLLOWAY, Ph.D., Commissioner, Department of Education,            
 testified next via teleconference from Anchorage.  She was                    
 testifying from Kincaid Elementary School in Anchorage and had two            
 students who were interested in the bill and wished to make a                 
 comment.                                                                      
                                                                               
 Number 0289                                                                   
                                                                               
 JAMES RATUZZI testified next via teleconference from Anchorage.  He           
 said he is 12-years-old.  His mother agrees with HB 145 and thinks            
 it would be great.  He agreed with his mother.                                
                                                                               
 Number 0327                                                                   
                                                                               
 LIZ FERGUSSON testified next via teleconference from Anchorage.               
 She is 11-years-old and in sixth grade.  She had not talked with              
 her mother, but thinks her mother would want to pass this bill.               
                                                                               
 Number 0360                                                                   
                                                                               
 COMMISSIONER HOLLOWAY thanked the committee for the opportunity to            
 talk about the quality schools initiative and their interest and              
 questions.  She referred to the fact that last year, for the first            
 time, the national assessment of educational progress test was                
 given to the state of Alaska.  Those scores were released at 2:00             
 p.m. EST and all the details were not available.  She understood              
 that fourth graders in the state scored, in math, at about the                
 national average and eighth graders scored a little above the                 
 national average.  She said the DOE would provide more detailed               
 information once they received it.                                            
 Number 0424                                                                   
                                                                               
 COMMISSIONER HOLLOWAY said in order for the DOE to contemplate a              
 fair test, which students must pass in order to graduate, the                 
 public school system really has to be of quality, this includes               
 adopted and well-known standards for all students.  This really               
 means that our professionals are prepared to make sure that all               
 students have an opportunity to learn these standards.  At this               
 time, no state uses a commercially available test.  There are 17              
 states with an exit examination, that DOE knows of, and they have             
 all been contacted for specific details on how they run a                     
 defensible testing program of this nature.                                    
                                                                               
 COMMISSIONER HOLLOWAY said tests are either developed by the state            
 or by a publisher for the state.  The security of the test is                 
 evidently a major factor which causes states to revise their test             
 frequently, most do so annually.  Frequent retesting is not allowed           
 as this affects the validity of the results.  States do not test              
 more than once a year.  As you can see from the letter, which she             
 hoped was located in the committee file, DOE cannot use the                   
 California achievement test as an exit examination.                           
                                                                               
 Number 0512                                                                   
                                                                               
 COMMISSIONER HOLLOWAY said every state which has an exit                      
 examination has a state adopted curriculum.  This means that all              
 schools must teach this curriculum and all students are supposed to           
 learn it.  Every state, currently using an examination for                    
 graduation, has an exit test closely tied to the curriculum or                
 standards with staff monitoring whether that curriculum and                   
 standards are being taught.  This is what allows the exit                     
 examination to withstand the inevitable court challenges which will           
 occur when students obtain passing grades, but do not pass the                
 test.  Studies say that students fail, even when they are actually            
 able to perform the skills on the test, due to anxiety or other               
 reasons.  For that reason, many of the states have gone to a                  
 multiple approach in their exit tests.  They might have a student             
 do a portfolio, they might have a pencil and paper test and they              
 might do what is called, "mastery exhibition."  Master Exhibition             
 is where students perform research, draft a well written paper and            
 present those papers to a community of school people.                         
                                                                               
 Number 0607                                                                   
                                                                               
 COMMISSIONER HOLLOWAY said there is not a state adopted curriculum            
 or state adopted standards in Alaska at this time.  She referred to           
 the past committee meeting where she testified that Governor                  
 Knowles had asked the state Board of Education to consider                    
 imbedding language, in the regulations, that districts need to meet           
 or exceed standards in language arts, math and reading.  The Board            
 of Education has directed the DOE to draft a regulation that would            
 say that and then present it for their consideration.                         
 Number 0652                                                                   
                                                                               
 COMMISSIONER HOLLOWAY said the state budget for this examination,             
 based on quickly done research, varied from a low of $500,000                 
 annually to a high of $10 million after the test development is               
 completed.  When students do not pass an exit examination,                    
 districts are probably going to have to incur costs such as                   
 remedial programs or summer school.  The department thinks that any           
 exit test has to be part of a comprehensive, broad based assessment           
 that would start when children begin schooling.  Children should              
 come to the schools with a good developmental profiling of where              
 they are in their development.  Critical benchmarks and                       
 interventions should be done throughout their schooling to increase           
 the probability that every student truly has the opportunity to               
 gain the knowledge and the skills to perform well on the exit test.           
                                                                               
 Number 0704                                                                   
                                                                               
 COMMISSIONER HOLLOWAY said these tests are called high stakes test            
 because the consequences, to the student who does not pass, are               
 very high.  Other states report that most students who do not pass            
 end up dropping out of school, their whole life affected.  With               
 this knowledge, the state of Alaska would want to select or develop           
 an examination of the very best quality and one which would be the            
 most fair to all of the children in the school districts in the               
 state.  There is a lot of work to do to make an exit test a reality           
 for Alaska.                                                                   
                                                                               
 Number 0750                                                                   
                                                                               
 CHAIRMAN BUNDE referred to her testimony that students that fail              
 this test would drop out of school.  He envisioned that this test             
 would be administered late in the senior year, so there would be              
 little consequence to people dropping out of school.                          
                                                                               
 Number 0767                                                                   
                                                                               
 COMMISSIONER HOLLOWAY said if we had a broader based assessment,              
 assessments would have been done maybe two times before they ever             
 got to that exit test.  These tests might have been done even                 
 before they were in high school.  We would know the probability of            
 them passing that exit test and would do a good intervention to               
 assist them in being able to pass it.                                         
                                                                               
 Number 0786                                                                   
                                                                               
 CHAIRMAN BUNDE referred to her use of "we" and said he imagined               
 that the school district would be doing the pretesting, the                   
 benchmarking, as the student goes along but the state would only be           
 responsible for the final exam.                                               
                                                                               
 Number 0799                                                                   
 COMMISSIONER HOLLOWAY said this is a possible way to design it.               
 She thought that some of the districts are well positioned to do              
 that, but many of the district are not and would need a great deal            
 of support and technical assistance from the state.                           
                                                                               
 Number 0815                                                                   
                                                                               
 REPRESENTATIVE BRIAN PORTER asked her, from her experience going              
 around the state, if she had the opportunity to look at the basic             
 curriculum throughout the state.  Knowing whether or not there were           
 substantial differences in the basic course of Algebra One in Sitka           
 as opposed to Fairbanks.                                                      
                                                                               
 Number 0841                                                                   
                                                                               
 COMMISSIONER HOLLOWAY said there is a great deal of diversity in              
 expectations within the different schools in the state of Alaska.             
                                                                               
 Number 0851                                                                   
                                                                               
 REPRESENTATIVE PORTER commented that perhaps we have identified a             
 problem.                                                                      
                                                                               
 Number 0857                                                                   
                                                                               
 REPRESENTATIVE FRED DYSON was under the impression that the                   
 Japanese, the English, the Canadians and the Germans were all doing           
 a very standard test for their equivalent of high school                      
 proficiency and asked her if she knew if this was true or not.                
                                                                               
 Number 0877                                                                   
                                                                               
 COMMISSIONER HOLLOWAY did not know for sure, but most of those                
 countries have a basic curriculum that is country-wide and is                 
 expected to be taught to all students.  It is probable that they              
 have an exit examination based on agreed upon learning.                       
                                                                               
 Number 0903                                                                   
                                                                               
 REPRESENTATIVE DYSON said those countries probably have more                  
 cultural homogeneity than we do.  Tailoring tests for cultural                
 minorities might be less of a problem for those countries.  He                
 inferred that the commissioner would try to make a test to take               
 into account students' learning styles and their ability to respond           
 to standard tests.  There would be a means of demonstrating                   
 competency other than a paper and pencil test.                                
                                                                               
 Number 0941                                                                   
                                                                               
 COMMISSIONER HOLLOWAY said this was correct, any exit examination             
 has to have a performance part of the test.  We shouldn't just rely           
 on paper and pencil.  Based on the National Assessment of                     
 Educational Progress (NAEP) test, the response of teachers who gave           
 the national assessment educational progress test; 30 percent of              
 the test was performance based.  Students did scientific                      
 experiments, manipulation of objects and that kind of thing.                  
 Teachers reported that students were well engaged and said it gave            
 those students an opportunity to demonstrate knowledge in a                   
 different way other than filling in a bubble.  She thought this was           
 important for us to consider in developing a credible, reliable               
 exit test.                                                                    
                                                                               
 Number 0983                                                                   
                                                                               
 REPRESENTATIVE DYSON said there will always be concern that some              
 districts and some schools will find a way to get all the kids to             
 pass, even though there isn't a competency in finding a test that             
 they will pass.  He asked how the DOE could work to limit that                
 manipulation of the test.                                                     
                                                                               
 Number 1013                                                                   
                                                                               
 COMMISSIONER HOLLOWAY said we would have to learn from other states           
 and their mistakes.  She believed that it would be important that             
 we have agreed upon learning.  She mentioned the state board is               
 adopting language arts, mathematics and reading as the core of the            
 state's responsibility for assessment.  "By saying that districts             
 have to meet or exceed those, there would have to be, and we're               
 recommending, through our accreditation, new accreditation model,             
 that when we go in we would expect to see that there have been,               
 there are standards and they are the state standards in language              
 arts, math and reading.  And if they are in fact being taught and             
 measured all the way along, then your exit test is in alignment to            
 the previous tests and what is actually being taught."                        
                                                                               
 Number 1079                                                                   
                                                                               
 CHRIS BLOUNT, Student, testified next via teleconference from                 
 MatSu.  He said he is a junior at Wasilla High School and thinks              
 the test is a good idea, but it should not be popped on the                   
 students.  The testing should begin in 2001, current eighth graders           
 would be the first ones to take the test allowing teachers to                 
 prepare the students.  He said introducing this test would be                 
 unfair to the teachers as well as the students.  He referred to               
 students that have difficulty taking tests.                                   
                                                                               
 Number 1146                                                                   
                                                                               
 CHAIRMAN BUNDE said this test would be phased in over at least a              
 four year period so students are aware of what is being expected of           
 them.  The test would not surprise anyone.  He said the concern is            
 that a high school diploma needs to retain some respect in the                
 public.  Right now, particularly in the business community, a                 
 number of people are saying that a high school diploma doesn't mean           
 anything because we have too many kids who can't read and write at            
 the high school level.  People look at a high school diploma and              
 question how valid it is and what your credibility is.  "One of the           
 things we're trying to do is help those students who might not be             
 able to pass the test, we want to encourage them to be able to pass           
 the test and the other thing is that we want to help students like            
 yourself, who could pass the test, by making their diploma mean               
 even more than it does now."                                                  
                                                                               
 Number 1203                                                                   
                                                                               
 REPRESENTATIVE PORTER said legislation is often provided without              
 talking to the people affected by the legislation.  He asked Mr.              
 Blount if he had an idea of what his career goals might be.                   
                                                                               
 Number 1227                                                                   
                                                                               
 MR. BLOUNT said he was thinking of being a teacher.                           
                                                                               
 Number 1232                                                                   
                                                                               
 REPRESENTATIVE PORTER said one of the other bills being considered            
 by the committee is that when a teacher comes to this state and               
 decides they want to be certified in the state, they are going to             
 get a test popped at them.  If they can't pass that test, they                
 won't get certified and they won't teach.  He said quite a few                
 professions and occupations have that reality.  This bill tries to            
 get our high school students prepared for the reality that they are           
 going to be facing.                                                           
                                                                               
 Number 1271                                                                   
                                                                               
 CHAIRMAN BUNDE assured Mr. Blount that this test would not apply to           
 him.                                                                          
                                                                               
 Number 1304                                                                   
                                                                               
 JOHN CYR, President, National Education Association-Alaska (NEA-              
 Alaska), said his organization supports the principle that students           
 should achieve certain competencies before graduation, but they               
 could not support HB 146 in its present form.  They believe that a            
 one time test taken by 17 or 18-year-olds, shortly before                     
 graduation, is not the best way to achieve student standards or to            
 ensure student competency.  They believe that a comprehensive                 
 system of student assessment, followed with intervention and                  
 remediation, is more likely to positively affect student                      
 achievement.  By requiring serious assessment and real                        
 interventions at earlier grade levels for those students who are              
 experiencing difficulties, they believe schools and teachers can              
 develop strategies to strengthen learning.                                    
                                                                               
 MR. CYR referred to the commissioner's testimony and said that                
 beyond the regular assessments that classroom teachers do, there              
 are several natural checkpoints can be taken advantage if the state           
 wishes to require district or statewide assessment.  Perhaps the              
 most natural checkpoint is when children enter school.  Districts             
 all over the country assess incoming kindergarten children to                 
 determine readiness to learn and their learning styles.  A follow-            
 up assessment could happen at the end of the primary grades,                  
 another assessment when they leave elementary school, an assessment           
 coming out of middle school or junior high and then certainly                 
 assessments at the high school level.  This would give teachers and           
 parents the information needed to provide appropriate programs to             
 effect change in those students who are not meeting the standards.            
 The careful use of portfolios of work and testing at critical                 
 periods in the student learning cycle would help education                    
 professionals, more accurately, determine students needs as well as           
 measuring proficiencies.                                                      
                                                                               
 MR. CYR said NEA-Alaska believes that students and parents deserve            
 to find out, as soon as possible in the education process, if there           
 are any learning problems that need to be addressed.  The program             
 of the sort that was outlined would help children and their                   
 families, but only if we are willing to provide the necessary                 
 support for remediation.  It will not help the learning environment           
 if all we do is test kids.  Testing must lead to a change in the              
 students' learning environment, if it is indicated.  Smaller class            
 size, intensive remedial programs, increased utilization of school            
 counselors especially in the elementary grades, up to date                    
 instructional materials and technology and enhanced parental                  
 involvement must be the result of any assessment program.  It is              
 these types of changes that will increase the performance of all              
 students, not just those who are at risk.                                     
                                                                               
 MR. CYR said, finally, we must work with community partners and               
 teachers to reallocate existing revenues to guarantee standards,              
 referenced in learning, in every public school.  Our long range               
 goal must be to rebuild the education system so as to dedicate our            
 work to activities for improving teaching and learning as measured            
 by standards for student achievement.                                         
                                                                               
 Number 1469                                                                   
                                                                               
 CHAIRMAN BUNDE asked if he could infer that if we just had smaller            
 class size, school counselors, more parental involvement and the              
 rest of the list that all students would be functionally literate             
 when they received their high school diploma.                                 
                                                                               
 Number 1478                                                                   
                                                                               
 MR. CYR said you could infer that if we had smaller class size,               
 better instructional material, appropriate use of technology, used            
 school counselors to help those kids with problems that the vast              
 majority would be positively impacted.  He said he could not                  
 guarantee that every child who is born and comes to an Alaskan                
 public school would succeed with those supports.                              
                                                                               
 Number 1500                                                                   
                                                                               
 CHAIRMAN BUNDE said most of the teachers do a great deal of what he           
 suggested should be done and they still have children who choose to           
 fail.                                                                         
                                                                               
 Number 1510                                                                   
                                                                               
 MR. CYR said, with all due respect, he did not know that children             
 choose to fail.  In some cases society fails children, in some                
 cases parents fail them and in some cases schools fail them.                  
 Collectively, as a society, we fail children, but he did not think            
 children choose to fail.                                                      
                                                                               
 Number 1530                                                                   
                                                                               
 CHAIRMAN BUNDE said his experience was limited to high school and             
 post high school ages.  He said there are high school kids who                
 choose to fail.                                                               
                                                                               
 Number 1543                                                                   
                                                                               
 REPRESENTATIVE DYSON said, as he understood Commissioner Holloway's           
 testimony, the way DOE would approach this testing is virtually               
 identical to what Mr. Cyr said in his statement.                              
                                                                               
 Number 1564                                                                   
                                                                               
 MR. CYR said he arrived in the middle of her testimony.                       
                                                                               
 Number 1591                                                                   
                                                                               
 CHAIRMAN BUNDE said this is the first time this bill has been                 
 addressed, it would be heard again on Thursday, March 6, 1997.  He            
 said he would entertain and encourage a request for additional                
 public testimony.                                                             
 HB 145 - TEACHING COMPETENCY EXAM FOR CERTIF                                
                                                                               
 Number 1622                                                                   
                                                                               
 CHAIRMAN BUNDE announced the next item on the agenda was HB 145,              
 "An Act relating to certification of teachers."  He said there was            
 a committee substitute as well as public testimony regarding the              
 committee substitute.                                                         
                                                                               
 Number 1632                                                                   
                                                                               
 REPRESENTATIVE PORTER made a motion to adopt the committee                    
 substitute for HB 145 as the committee's working document.  Hearing           
 no objections CSHB 145(HES) was now before the committee.                     
                                                                               
 Number 1647                                                                   
                                                                               
 STEPHEN McPHETRES, Executive Director, Alaska Council of School               
 Administrators, was first to testify.  He said, upon listening to             
 the testimony on HB 145 at the previous committee meeting, concerns           
 were raised.  While his organization supports the concept of                  
 teacher testing, they are concerned to the degree and to the                  
 complexity of what the testing should be.  The initial bill, a very           
 basic examination for future teachers coming into the state, would            
 be supported by his organization.  As more complex ways of                    
 evaluation for preservice teachers to the state are developed, his            
 organization becomes concerned.  The concern raises out of the fact           
 that we need to have a substantial talent base on which to choose             
 competent teachers for our schools.                                           
                                                                               
 MR. McPHETRES said, at the April job fairs in the state of Alaska,            
 there were 820 potential teaching candidates that came to the state           
 for interviewing in 1992, in 1996 there were 672.  For the number             
 registered with the Alaska teacher placement office; in 1992 there            
 were 1,182 and in 1996 there were 890.  The trend is a drop in                
 potential candidates.  As decision makers we can provide all kinds            
 of gates to get through, but it is still those administrators,                
 school boards, teachers and communities who have to find a                    
 selection of competent people in the classroom.                               
                                                                               
 MR. McPHETRES encouraged the legislature, as we look at setting up            
 another gate for people coming into the state, to be consistent               
 with other states in the Pacific Northwest.  Many of Alaska's                 
 teachers come from those states.  If we look at various states                
 including; Oregon, Washington, Montana, California, Idaho and                 
 Michigan, the current trend is that when a person completes their             
 graduate or undergraduate program in education they automatically             
 take the National Teaching Exam (NTE).  Their score on this exam              
 determines states where they meet qualifications for certification.           
 He hoped that Alaska would look at staying consistent with other              
 states in order to remain competitive.                                        
                                                                               
 Number 1771                                                                   
                                                                               
 CHAIRMAN BUNDE asked if he was saying that the same vehicle could             
 be used to test potential Alaska teachers, if he was saying that              
 there should be some kind of reciprocity if potential teachers have           
 passed the test when they leave the University of Washington, they            
 would be grandfathered into Alaska.                                           
                                                                               
 Number 1786                                                                   
                                                                               
 MR. McPHETRES suggested that if they have taken the NTE somewhere             
 and have reached the score that Alaska deems as an acceptable                 
 score, certification could be offered.                                        
                                                                               
 Number 1809                                                                   
                                                                               
 CHAIRMAN BUNDE said this assumes that we use the same test.                   
                                                                               
 Number 1812                                                                   
                                                                               
 MR. McPHETRES repeated that we should be somewhat consistent with             
 what other states are doing in order to remain competitive.                   
                                                                               
 Number 1822                                                                   
                                                                               
 REPRESENTATIVE DYSON asked, without the state administered teacher            
 certification, if local school administrators have the tools needed           
 to be able to select competent teachers.                                      
                                                                               
 Number 1855                                                                   
                                                                               
 MR. McPHETRES said the scores give a certain amount of confidence             
 in the community.  It adds one more level of validation that this             
 person is competent for the job.  As far as evaluation tools for              
 the candidate, he believed the answer was yes.  Hiring practices              
 are much broader than when he first started in administration back            
 in the early 1970s.  Back then it was basically God who made the              
 decision.  Now the local principal, with a parent group and/or                
 staff, sits down and goes through all the applications, does all              
 the screenings and then brings their recommendations to the board.            
                                                                               
 Number 1895                                                                   
                                                                               
 REPRESENTATIVE PORTER said he was not familiar with the NTE.                  
                                                                               
 Number 1914                                                                   
                                                                               
 MR. McPHETRES said the test was developed across the country and is           
 nationally recognized by universities and states have used it                 
 subsequently to determine certification eligibility.  "Our                    
 universities do administer that examination now, it would in                  
 Alaska."  It tests on basic knowledge and the area of the teacher's           
 expertise.                                                                    
                                                                               
 Number 1930                                                                   
                                                                               
 REPRESENTATIVE PORTER asked, in his opinion as a school                       
 administrator, if the NTE would serve the function that is being              
 purported in this bill.  He asked if the NTE was ever considered              
 for the state of Alaska's exam.                                               
                                                                               
 MR. McPHETRES said the teacher certification task force has                   
 discussed this exam.  Universities administer that exam.                      
                                                                               
 Number 1959                                                                   
                                                                               
 REPRESENTATIVE KEMPLEN presented a scenario where he is interested            
 in hiring someone in a technical specialty such as current                    
 technology, computer science or multi-media.  He asked if, before             
 that person comes in and teaches in the classroom, they needed a              
 teacher's certificate.                                                        
                                                                               
 Number 1980                                                                   
                                                                               
 MR. McPHETRES said they need a teaching certificate if they are               
 going to be a full time teacher in control of the classroom.  There           
 are recognized expert certificates that often can be given for                
 short term periods.  He said there are computer specialists located           
 in most schools in major municipalities and added that the district           
 wide teachers are also certified for technology.                              
                                                                               
 Number 2004                                                                   
                                                                               
 REPRESENTATIVE KEMPLEN enhanced his scenario that someone in the              
 computer industry, who is involved with multi-media, is interested            
 in sharing his knowledge with youth.  This person has offered to              
 teach classes for a year.  He asked if they would be required to              
 have a teaching certificate to do that.                                       
                                                                               
 Number 2030                                                                   
                                                                               
 MR. McPHETRES said they would not be required to have a teaching              
 certificate as long as they were under the supervision of another             
 certified teacher.  If you were a district-wide technology                    
 specialist and a computer industry person wanted to come in to                
 teach, a deal could be worked out where the computer industry                 
 person could come in for an hour here and there.  It could be                 
 worked out to accommodate that person.  The computer industry                 
 person could not teach if they were going to be in complete control           
 of the class.  The unfortunate part is that we are looking at                 
 alternative ways for people to get into the teaching field without            
 going through a four year degree program.  He mentioned that                  
 several people are interested in doing this.  He referred to a                
 person involved in real estate and business and said that person              
 has to go through all the preliminary preparation courses that a              
 freshman in college has to go through.                                        
                                                                               
 Number 2085                                                                   
                                                                               
 REPRESENTATIVE KEMPLEN asked if this proposed examination would be            
 a barrier to what they are trying to do.                                      
                                                                               
 Number 2091                                                                   
                                                                               
 MR. McPHETRES said it would not be a barrier.  People should be               
 able to demonstrate a basic skill in all these areas.                         
 Number 2100                                                                   
                                                                               
 CHAIRMAN BUNDE said he is not necessarily opposed to alternative              
 ways to certification, but we have experienced people who are                 
 experts in the field who are lousy teachers.  He did not think that           
 public schools were a place where we should allow people to hobby             
 teach if they cannot demonstrate a good job of teaching as well as            
 skills.  He was not referring to anyone cited as an example in                
 testimony.  It is essential for a good teacher to have good subject           
 matter depth, but there is a difference between having subject                
 matter depth and being a good teacher.                                        
                                                                               
 Number 2187                                                                   
                                                                               
 MR. McPHETRES said a few years ago there was an alternative route             
 to certification.  He believed only four individuals took advantage           
 of it.  They went through a significant assessment examination to             
 determine their personal skills in working with children.  They               
 were also involved in a mentoring program as well as some                     
 university things.  The lack of interest set that program aside.              
                                                                               
 Number 2150                                                                   
                                                                               
 REPRESENTATIVE GREEN said three out of his five children are                  
 teachers in Oregon and California.  In both states they have been             
 hired to teach certain subjects, but for various circumstances they           
 have been asked to teach other subjects of which they are not                 
 experts.  He asked if Alaska did the same thing.  He asked whether            
 a person who passed a specific test, based on their ability to                
 teach science, might be asked to teach physical education or                  
 something that they might not be qualified teaching.                          
                                                                               
 Number 2187                                                                   
                                                                               
 MR. McPHETRES said this happens, particularly in the rural schools.           
 He referred to another example where this happened and said it is             
 one of the things you have to do in order to fill out the                     
 curriculum for the kids.                                                      
                                                                               
 Number 2200                                                                   
                                                                               
 REPRESENTATIVE GREEN said, "my concern is if that's the case, would           
 it be an Achilles heel in the program to find whatever is the                 
 easiest test to pass to qualify there and then say, hey, but really           
 I'm a science teacher or a math teacher or something.  This is                
 obviously taking this to an extreme, but I think you see where my             
 concern is."                                                                  
                                                                               
 Number 2214                                                                   
                                                                               
 MR. McPHETRES said all of us major in a discipline as we go through           
 a college or university system and we should be able to demonstrate           
 our mastery of our knowledge, whether it is orals or something                
 else.  In real life we do different things, so he did not believe             
 that it is critical enough that there should be any discrimination            
 between what they've tested and where they are actually working.              
                                                                               
 Number 2236                                                                   
                                                                               
 CHAIRMAN BUNDE said there should be a higher level of concern for             
 the physical education teacher teaching science.                              
                                                                               
 Number 2239                                                                   
                                                                               
 MR. McPHETRES said, in previous legislation, they are hoping to               
 address that issue.                                                           
                                                                               
 TAPE 97-14, SIDE B                                                            
 Number 0000                                                                   
                                                                               
 REPRESENTATIVE PORTER said, as he reads CSHB 145(HES), it gives DOE           
 the flexibility to incorporate NTE, devise another test or find a             
 test that incorporates the basic levels of competency in teaching             
 and general subjects included in the state's core curriculum.  He             
 said this core curriculum will have to be developed.  Alaska needs            
 to get in line with other states that recognize this testing as a             
 necessity.                                                                    
                                                                               
 Number 0082                                                                   
                                                                               
 CHAIRMAN BUNDE said if we use an existing test or test vehicle, the           
 fiscal note would be examined in detail by the House Finance                  
 Standing Committee.                                                           
                                                                               
 Number 0100                                                                   
                                                                               
 REPRESENTATIVE KEMPLEN referred to the last meeting and said there            
 was some mention of the appropriateness of inserting, "Type A",               
 before, "teacher certificate" .  He got the impression that the               
 language was an appropriate adjustment to make.  He asked why "Type           
 A" was not inserted in CSHB 145(HES).                                         
                                                                               
 Number 0141                                                                   
                                                                               
 CHAIRMAN BUNDE said regulation 4 AAC 12.020 reads that a regular              
 certificate is a Type A, there is an assurance that what we are               
 talking about is already in regulation.                                       
                                                                               
 Number 0175                                                                   
                                                                               
 REPRESENTATIVE KEMPLEN referred to Type C and D teaching                      
 certificates.                                                                 
                                                                               
 Number 0178                                                                   
 CHAIRMAN BUNDE said CSHB 145(HES) will affect only Type A                     
 certificates which de facto affects Type B teaching certificates.             
 Type C and D would not come under the provisions of this bill.                
 Type C involve speech therapists, counselors and that sort of                 
 thing.  Type D involve vocational education people.                           
                                                                               
 REPRESENTATIVE KEMPLEN clarified that a teaching certificate is not           
 required for those categories.                                                
                                                                               
 CHAIRMAN BUNDE said Type C and D are teaching certificates, but               
 they're different types of teaching certificates.  In his mind they           
 are not classroom teachers.  This bill addresses the vast majority            
 of teachers who will be at the blackboard.                                    
                                                                               
 REPRESENTATIVE KEMPLEN asked where the distinction between the Type           
 A and Type C and D was included in the language of the bill.                  
                                                                               
 Number 0266                                                                   
                                                                               
 CHAIRMAN BUNDE referred to page 1, Section 2(i), "for an initial              
 regular teacher certificate" and said that is defined in regulation           
 as a Type A teaching certificate.                                             
                                                                               
 Number 0304                                                                   
                                                                               
 REPRESENTATIVE KEMPLEN clarified that a regular teaching                      
 certificate is a Type A.                                                      
                                                                               
 Number 0361                                                                   
                                                                               
 REPRESENTATIVE GREEN made a motion to move CSHB 145(HES) with                 
 attached fiscal notes and individual recommendations.                         
                                                                               
 Number 0382                                                                   
                                                                               
 REPRESENTATIVE DYSON objected to the motion.  "At a time when we              
 are trying to make government smaller and smarter, we're this, this           
 is intrusive, there's times for, certainly for government to be               
 intrusive."  This bill is an effort to manage the inputs rather               
 than the outputs of production.  There needs to be quality                    
 standards for the goods and services we require, but there is                 
 always the tendency for the inexperienced manager to want to count            
 the number of paper clips.  Pupil testing measures outputs causing            
 the organization and its resources to be tailored to that goal.               
 Several people in the education field have said that it is easy to            
 measure knowledge, but it is extremely difficult to measure the               
 art.  Teaching is more difficult to measure than anything else, you           
 can only see it as it's being practiced.                                      
                                                                               
 REPRESENTATIVE DYSON said he asked various administrative people,             
 from 20 different communities, if the school board and the                    
 administration had the right tools to select competent teachers and           
 they confirmed that they did.  There was some concern that another            
 gate to pass would make it difficult for the districts to obtain              
 teachers.  Many of the school districts he talked with were dealing           
 with somewhat culturally difficult situations and they are very               
 interested in teachers who can relate to the population and the               
 culture.  Those people do not see how an objective test was going             
 to help the key thing that they have to look for in a teacher.                
                                                                               
 REPRESENTATIVE DYSON said he is most concerned by the fact that               
 CSHB 145(HES) did not test existing teachers.  He said the one                
 consistent result from teacher testing, obtained from every group             
 he has been able to contact nationally, is that it provides                   
 significant salary raises for all the teachers in the entire                  
 system.  Arkansas and Virginia could not find teachers who could              
 pass the test and work for the wage packet they had, so they raised           
 the incoming salaries.  Those states then had to raise the salaries           
 for the existing teachers.                                                    
                                                                               
 Number 0620                                                                   
                                                                               
 REPRESENTATIVE DYSON said, with the national standard teaching                
 test, we have the very tool we need.  Any district which feels that           
 they need more help, can apply this tool.                                     
                                                                               
 Number 0635                                                                   
                                                                               
 CHAIRMAN BUNDE said this bill will screen out unqualified teachers,           
 letting a few pass while the vast majority will not have any                  
 problem with the examination.  He said, working on that issue for             
 two years, the same school board members who assure you that they             
 have the adequate tools to hire competent teachers asked for a                
 change in tenure because they had incompetent teachers they were              
 unable to get rid of without legislative assistance.                          
                                                                               
 Number 0672                                                                   
                                                                               
 REPRESENTATIVE GREEN referred to Representative Dyson's statement             
 that testing in unnecessary, yet it would make him feel better if             
 testing was done for existing teachers as well.                               
                                                                               
 Number 0687                                                                   
                                                                               
 REPRESENTATIVE DYSON said he is wary of any profession that creates           
 an incumbent group and then sets up a barrier for the next group.             
 He referred to conversations with friends in the teaching field.              
 They told him that it is interesting that their profession is one             
 of the few where intellectual attainment tends to go down.                    
 Pressures of the classroom, social concerns, dealing with student             
 difficulties and community relationships seems to keep the                    
 profession from growing intellectually.  Reluctance to test                   
 existing teachers bothers him because it would protect a class of             
 people and ensure increased wages for them.                                   
 Number 0750                                                                   
                                                                               
 REPRESENTATIVE PORTER said there is a fundamental legal problem               
 with establishing a standard retroactively.  He said over time, if            
 we had this initial screening test, schools would encourage                   
 existing teachers to take the test and use it as a guide for                  
 inservice training.  To apply it and then require a decertification           
 would create legal problems.                                                  
                                                                               
 REPRESENTATIVE PORTER said he viewed this examination as an initial           
 screening, much like the first test in becoming a police officer.             
 He said this is a standard written examination taken before a                 
 person's talents, abilities and stabilities are taken into                    
 consideration.  There is great efficiency in having a general                 
 screening test, it saves you a lot of time when you are looking at            
 other things.                                                                 
                                                                               
 Number 0847                                                                   
                                                                               
 REPRESENTATIVE KEMPLEN referred to craft guilds in the Middle Ages            
 which sought to limit the amount of participation in their activity           
 in order to maintain control and ensure that they received                    
 significant economic benefits.  The craft guilds were a major                 
 barrier to growth of the free market system.  He said this bill               
 seems to be something that the craft guild would look upon                    
 favorably.                                                                    
                                                                               
 Number 0910                                                                   
                                                                               
 CHAIRMAN BUNDE said, having had the opportunity to work on the                
 teacher certification task force for several years and as an ex-              
 teacher, when he looked at the qualifications that are demanded of            
 a teacher he would have had some questions about choosing the                 
 teaching profession.  His first teaching job paid $6,200 a year and           
 had he known the demands he would have questioned whether he should           
 have gone into another field.  He said he hoped he would have gone            
 into teaching.  He said we can lower the standards, we don't have             
 to raise the wages.                                                           
                                                                               
 Number 0951                                                                   
                                                                               
 REPRESENTATIVE PORTER said if there was the expectation that                  
 salaries would rise, he did not think Mr. Cyr would have talked               
 about this bill.                                                              
                                                                               
 Number 1000                                                                   
                                                                               
 A roll call vote was taken on CSHB 145(HES).  Representatives                 
 Porter, Brice, Green and Bunde voted yea.  Representatives Dyson              
 and Kemplen voted nay.  Representative Vezey was absent for the               
 vote.  Chairman Bunde announce that CSHB 145(HES) was moved from              
 the House Health, Education and Social Services Committee with                
 individual recommendations and attached fiscal notes.                         
 HB 121 - WINN BRINDLE SCHOLARSHIP LOAN                                       
                                                                              
 Number 1050                                                                   
                                                                               
 CHAIRMAN BUNDE announced the next item on the agenda was HB 121,              
 "An Act relating to A.W. Brindle memorial scholarship loans; and              
 providing for an effective date."                                             
                                                                               
 Number 1050                                                                   
                                                                               
 REPRESENTATIVE TOM BRICE made a motion to move HB 121 with                    
 accompanying zero fiscal notes and individual recommendations.                
 Hearing no objections, HB 121 was moved from the House Health,                
 Education and Social Services Committee.                                      
 ADJOURNMENT                                                                   
                                                                               
 There being no further business to conduct, CHAIRMAN BUNDE                    
 adjourned the meeting of the House Health, Education and Social               
 Services Standing Committee at 4:05 p.m.                                      
                                                                               
                                                                               

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